SOUTHERN JOURNAL OF SCIENCES

Background: This paper presents a straightforward and intuitive method for interactive 3D reconstruction and Direct Linear Transformation (DLT) camera calibration using a single image of a structured scene with known object dimensions. The method relies on manual registration of pairs of points on both the image and the terrain, allowing for precise alignment and calibration. Aim: By utilizing this method, users can easily reconstruct 3D scenes and calibrate cameras without the need for complex algorithms or extensive computational resources. Our approach offers a user-friendly solution for 3D reconstruction and camera calibration, making it accessible to a wider audience and applicable in a range of fields such as computer vision, augmented reality, and virtual reality. Methods: This work primarily focuses on the determination of the projection matrix, which plays a crucial role in mapping 3D points onto a 2D image plane. The projection matrix encapsulates both the intrinsic parameters of the camera (such as focal length and optical center) and the extrinsic parameters (such as camera position and orientation in the world coordinate system). By accurately determining the projection matrix, we can effectively project 3D points onto the 2D image plane, enabling tasks like 3D reconstruction, camera localization, and augmented reality applications. Results: We present experimental results obtained from testing the method on an image of a known object, demonstrating its effectiveness and accuracy in producing realistic 3D reconstructions. Discussion: The method's reliance on manual registration of point pairs allows for precise alignment and calibration without the need for complex algorithms or extensive computational resources. This user-friendly approach makes 3D reconstruction and camera calibration accessible to a wider audience and applicable in various fields. Conclusions: Overall, our approach offers a practical and accessible solution for 3D reconstruction and camera calibration, expanding the potential applications in computer vision, augmented reality, and virtual reality.

Background: Despite innovations in orthopedic dentistry, the manufacture of removable dentures belongs to the most popular orthopedic care category. Removable dentures are combined stimuli that affect the mucous membrane and neuro-receptor apparatus. Acrylic plastic prostheses, widely used in prosthetic dentistry, have a negative side mechanical, chemical-toxic, sensitizing, and thermal insulating effect on oral tissue and prosthetic impression area. This is often complicated by a violation of the biocenosis of the oral cavity, the growth of pathogenic microflora that releases toxins, especially an increase in the number of yeast colonies that irritate the oral mucosa and prosthetic stomatitis. According to the WHO, one-fifth of the world s population suffers or has suffered various candidiasis forms at least once. The worldwide increase in the incidence of the disease is primarily related to the fact that this infection is opportunistic, more than half of the world s population is a carrier of fungi of this kind, i.e., in most cases, it is an endogenous infection, which makes candidiasis different from other opportunistic mycoses. Aims: The purpose of this study was to study the prevalence of candidiasis in patients using removable dentures and to evaluate the effectiveness and prevention of candidiasis treatment. Methods: 100 patients with oral candidiasis of various age groups from 45 to 65 years were observed. Of these, 60 patients with removable plate prostheses; 40 patients with partially removable prostheses. Results and Discussion: Chronic forms of candidiasis were diagnosed in 40 patients and with exacerbation of chronic forms of candidiasis-60 people. The number of untreated carious cavities and poor hygienic condition of the oral cavity directly affects the severity of candidiasis. Acute forms of candidiasis were observed mainly in patients with high DMF and PMA indices. The severity of candidiasis depends on the degree and duration of wearing dentures and hygienic conditions - the most severe forms of invasive candidiasis were observed in the presence of removable plate prostheses, the complete absence of teeth, and the use of a prosthesis for more than 10-15 years. A combined lesion of the oral mucosa and the red border of the lips was observed mainly in patients older than 60 years. Conclusions: The presence of candidiasis in the oral cavity in patients with removable plate prostheses leads to a statistically significant change in the indicators of local immunity of the oral cavity: an increase in the concentration of serum IgG and IgA and the values of the coefficient of the balance of local immunity factors.

The main vector of mechanization and automation of livestock farming at the present stage of technological development of producers is the improvement of resource-saving technologies and technical devices that enables agricultural producers to produce relatively expensive and high-quality equipment to improve conditions for the animals. This article was considered a method for effective fractionation of manure on pig farms to further obtain humus for soil fertilization. The optimal conditions for the performance of the presented gadget were identified, namely: the time spent by the manure mass in the rotor is 0.1, with a separation factor of 170 to 180, the partition for the filter is made of metal sheet with holes whose diameter varies from 0.8 to 1.5 mm and a thickness of no more than 1 mm. The device presented in the manuscript has several advantages in the form of automation, low energy consumption and cost, novelty, and high efficiency.