SOUTHERN JOURNAL OF SCIENCES

The trypsin-like activity of mixed saliva in orthopedic patients after implant placement was monitored. Proved negative impact on the processes of repair of background somatic pathology (peptic ulcers and 12 duodenal ulcers), justify the application of immunomodulator "Erbisol" as a drug that speeds up the repair processes during implantation. At present, the relevant issues are those related to the development of inflammatory complications at the stage of rehabilitation of patients, especially in the presence of somatic pathology and the study of the tissue complex of the implantation zone. Peptic ulcer disease occupies one of the main places in the structure of lesions of the digestive system. The close interdependence between the pathology of internal organs and the oral cavity is confirmed by numerous observations and studies.Implant placement is accompanied by changes in the enzymatic activity of mixed saliva. The presence of somatic pathology (ulcerative disease of the stomach and 12 duodenal ulcers) often leads to more long-term violations of the enzymatic activity of saliva. The use of the drug "Erbisol" in orthopedic dentistry accelerates the repair process, as evidenced by the earlier periods of normalization of the enzymatic activity of mixed saliva, after the installation of implants.Regular and timely monitoring of the condition of the periarticular tissues, as well as objective diagnosis of early inflammatory complications, are necessary to ensure the reliability and long-term functioning of prosthetic structures installed on implants in the oral cavity.It can be concluded that the purpose of our study was to study the trypsin-like activity (TPA) of mixed saliva after implant placement on the background of somatic pathology.

Background: Human echinococcosis is a zoonotic disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus, the etiological agent of cystic echinococcosis (CE). Aim: This study aims to determine the epidemiological prevalence of Echinococcus granulosus in patients with hydatid cysts and evaluate serum TNF-α levels associated with echinococcosis, as well as the correlation between these levels and disease progression. Methods: Radiological examinations were performed to diagnose Echinococcus granulosus by identifying echinococcal cysts. The study included patients of all ages and both sexes from Al-Sader Medical City, Al-Hakeem General Hospital, Al-Haidarya General Hospital, and Al-Hayat Hospital. The study period was from October 2023 to the end of January 2024. Results: The mean TNF-α level in patients was 163.27 pg/ml, significantly higher than the mean level of 38.58 pg/ml in controls (p-value < 0.001). Conclusion: The prevalence of hydatid disease in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf was found to be 33%. TNF-α levels are notably higher in patients with Echinococcus granulosus who are under 40 years of age compared to those over 40 years of age.

Background: This study explores the potential use of biomass residues from soybean pressing via static pyrolysis to produce carbonaceous materials for pesticide adsorption. It emphasizes concerns regarding the environmental impact of agroindustrial waste and the persistent nature of pesticides in soil and water systems. Aims: To investigate the efficacy of biochar obtained from soybean waste in adsorbing pesticides. Specifically, to analyze the gas products generated during pyrolysis and characterize the obtained carbonaceous material for its adsorption capabilities. Methods: Soybean residue underwent static pyrolysis at various temperatures and durations. Gas analysis utilizing FTIR spectroscopy identified the gaseous products generated during the pyrolysis process. The obtained biochar underwent successive washes and characterization through FTIR spectra comparison with commercial activated carbon. Through absorption assays, using UV-VIS spectroscopy, investigations were conducted on the solid biocarbon fractions to evaluate their capacity for absorbing pesticides. Results: Gas Analysis: The study revealed the production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and highlighted the prevalence of mono-carbon compounds with increased temperature and pyrolysis time. The analysis demonstrated consistent carbon mass percentages across different reaction conditions. Characterization of Biochar: Comparison with activated carbon indicated structural similarities with heightened intensity in certain bands, suggesting the presence of incomplete cellulose cracking in the obtained biochar. Regarding the Chlorothalonil, Atrazine and DIcamba remotion, notably, the concentration of Chlorothalonil in a 7:3 water: acetonitrile solution decreases by 77 % through adsorption on the carbons. Discussion: The investigation examined the adsorption efficiency of the biochar for Chlorothalonil, Atrazine, and Dicamba from aqueous solutions. Chlorothalonil exhibited substantial retention by the biochar, while Atrazine showed comparatively lower adsorption effectiveness. Remarkably, Dicamba did not demonstrate retention by either the biochar or activated carbon. Conclusion: The study underscores the potential of pyrolyzed soybean waste for pesticide adsorption, particularly highlighting Chlorothalonil's strong affinity with the carbonaceous structure. Further research is needed to optimize adsorption properties and explores potential enhancements of these materials through additional treatment methods, offering promising avenues for environmental remediation.